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Sweden's Summer Shutdown

In the summer of 1978, many Swedish workers relished the chance to take longer, paid vacations than ever before.This was thanks to an update to Sweden’s Annual Leave Act - or Semesterlagen in Swedish - passed the previous year.

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The law guaranteed all employees four consecutive weeks of vacation, and increased their total annual leave to five weeks, giving them some of the longest paid holidays in the world.These policies transformed the way Swedes do business. Many factories and offices shut down for an entire month during the summer. Today,Sweden retains its strong reputation for work-life balance, and the annual leave act has given rise to the 'sommar jobb' - short summer jobs that help cover holiday absences.

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(Photo: Inga Persson. Credit: Inga Persson)

Producer: Maddy Savage

A Bespoken Media production for BBC World Service.

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Glasgow: Satellite City

With little fanfare, Glasgow has transformed itself into Europe's largest producer of small satellites.

The city - historically a global shipbuilding hub - is now a centre of expertise for designing and building modular spacecraft that orbit the Earth, and supply services to customers around the world.

This growth places Glasgow at the heart of a wider space industry cluster. Nearby businesses are developing rockets, satellite components and data services, while launch sites are being built elsewhere in Scotland, in hopes of creating an end-to-end space sector.

Despite this success, some of the sector's leading figures say Glasgow's position is no longer secure, as governments across Europe increase their investment in space.

They warn that, without stronger backing, this success story of UK high-tech manufacturing could lose its competitive edge.

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Presenter: Shiona McCallum
Producer: Katie Revell
Executive producer: Carys Wall
Mix: Joel Cox

With thanks to Patrick Wallace

A Bespoken Media Scotland production for BBC Radio 4.

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July Morning

We're at the Black Sea coast on the last night of June. Everything is building up to the sunrise. This is Bulgaria’s ‘July Morning’ observance - somewhere between a counter-cultural musical festival, and a secular pilgrimage marking the start of July. It revolves around reaching the coast in time to meet July’s first sunrise. This celebration has an unlikely origin story - a 1971 song, also called July Morning, by English rock band Uriah Heep.

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With thanks to Kmetal Tsonko Tsonev, Alex Boreva, Katie Revell, Andrea Morán and Cicely Fell.

Producer: Carys Wall

Executive producer: Dave Howard

Sound designer: Jonathan Webb

A Bespoken Media Scotland Production

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The Children's Hospital in Entebbe

A free, state-of-the-art children’s hospital is transforming paediatric care in Uganda. But is one hospital enough to reset the future for Uganda's children?

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Rock Bottom: 50 years since Britain's IMF crisis

The UK’s 1977 entry to the Eurovision Song Contest was called Rock Bottom, making fun of the grim political and economic realities of the time.

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On stage, an orchestra conductor was dressed as a city businessman, with a pinstripe suit and a bowler hat.

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Singers Mike Moran and Lynsey De Paul sat at two grand pianos reading newspapers with headlines about Britain's economic mess, before breaking into song. The entry placed second.

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Britain's economic crisis had come to a head a few months earlier, on 28 September 1976. News broke of a run on the pound. Currency markets were in turmoil. International creditors would no longer lend to the UK.

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The country was out of time, and running out of money.

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In this Archive on 4, historian and journalist James Sladden takes us back to that febrile, tumultuous time – and explores why the 1976 IMF crisis still matters today, half a century later.

Producer and presenter: James Sladden
Producer: David Howard
Archive research: Jac Phillimore
Mix engineer: Joel Cox
Executive producer: Carys Wall

With grateful thanks to: Dr Duncan Needham, Professor Kathleen Burk, Mike Moran, Whistledown London studios, and the BBC Radio Archivists team.

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A Bespoken Media Scotland production for BBC Radio 4

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Click here to listen.

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